Reproduction Short Answer Quiz 1 (2 questions only)
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Reproduction Short Answer Quiz 1 (2 questions only)
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Question 1 of 2
1. Question
1 point(s)(a) The following data shows the average amount of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) produced by pregnant women.
Use the information provided to graph the levels of hCG in a normal pregnancy. (3 marks)
(b) Describe the role and changes in levels of a hormone in pregnancy.
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This response will be awarded full points automatically, but it can be reviewed and adjusted after submission.
Hint
(a)
(b)
Sample answer:
A hormone that is important in pregnancy is progesterone. Progesterone is initially produced by the corpus luteum in the ovary and causes the endometrium to thicken, which helps to support and maintain the pregnancy in the first weeks when the placenta is still developing. The developed placenta then produces progesterone at significantly higher levels to maintain the pregnancy. Prior to birth progesterone levels drop significantly to facilitate labour. -
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Question 2 of 2
2. Question
1 point(s)Justify why internal fertilisation is more advantageous than external fertilisation in ensuring the continuity of a species. (5 marks)
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This response will be awarded full points automatically, but it can be reviewed and adjusted after submission.
Hint
Sample answer:
For the continuity of a species, each generation must successfully reproduce to produce sufficient numbers of the next generation. A critical number of embryos must survive to gestational maturity. This is less likely with external fertilisation.
Organisms that reproduce by external reproduction spend a substantial amount of energy and resources in the production and release of very large numbers of sperm and eggs. This is because each sperm and egg and the resulting embryos have limited chances of survival, not being protected by the parent for example in the open ocean. Chances of successful fertilisation are low in such vast aquatic environments. Larger numbers ensure some will be fertilised.
Internal fertilisation provides a smaller safer environment for release of gametes, fertilisation and maturation of the embryos. Chances of successful fertilisation are increased and embryos are protected from predators within the body of the parent. Even after birth/egg laying parental care assists survival of the offspring. -